Type-writinq machine



(No Model.)

I J-. D.=DAUGHERTY. TYPE WRITING MACHINE 5 Sheets-Sheet 1.

Patented Mar. 15, 1892.

o ooo Wz'Znesses:

- Iflwenia Hwll (No Model.)

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

No. 470,990. Patented Mar. 15, 189-2.

-I|j}-T WiZnesses: gig/mania??- v 5Sheets-Sheet 2. J. D. DAUGHERTY.

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-SheetB.

J. D. DAUGHER-TY. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

No. 470,990. Patented'Mar. 15,1892.

Wz'inesses: Inweniorr 5 Shets-Sheet 5,

m T M HUG Um AH DR .W E n m d o M W No. 470,990. Patented Mar. 15, 1892.

1 NIT-ED. STATES-PATENT; OFFICE.

JAMES D. 'DAUGHERTY, or KITTANNING, PENNSYLVANIA.

I SPEClFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 470,990,1Farch 16, 1892.

' Application flied m m: set-m It. states. on man! To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES D. Dammit,

'of Kitt-anning, in the county of Armstrong and- State of Pennsylvania, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Type-Writin'g Machines; and I 'do hereby declare the following to-be a full, clear, and exact descri t ion of the invention, such as will enable 0t ers skilled in the art -to which it pertains to make and use it, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification.

My invention relates to an improvement in type-writing machines; and it consists In the arrangement and combination ofparts which will be more fully described hereinafter.-- The objects of my invention areto connect the key-levers and the type-bars directly at their inner ends without the intervention'of any other parts, so as to simplify and cheapenthe construction and lessen the'friction in the operation of the machine; to separate the typebars and the key-levers by means of division bars or plates, which prevent the partsfrom interfering with eaeh other; topr'ovide each type-bar with a'type or types having capital and. small letters or other'characters upon them, and to change from one letter or char-f acter to the other by raising the inner end of the frame which carries the type-bars and-the key-levers, while the rolleror-platen carrying the paper remains stationary; to pivot at'its rear end the guiding-frame for the typebiu's, and which also holds or carries the ribbon, and to give to this guiding-frame a vertical movement at its free front end, so that while it serves as a guide to the type-bars it-also raises the ribbon, so that each type-bar prints its character in alignment, and then as the typebar drops back to its normal position the guiding-frame carrying the ribbon alsod-rops, so as to leave each letter or character, as well as the whole line of writing, unobstructedly-ex posed to the operator without the. movement of any otherpart; to operate. the carriage by means of two pivoted spring-actuated dogs,

.whichellow the carriage to move forward one space each time that one of the type-bars is operated, and which permit the carriage to slide freely back to its starting position. Figure 1 tea plan view of a type-writer which embodies my invention. Fig. 2.is aside :These-division-plates I are preferably given time so confine them as'to. prevent their in:

elevation; Fig.3 i'safront end view of a typewriter-to which myinvention is applied. Fig. 4'is a rear end view of. the'same. Figs. 5, 6',"

'7, 8,9, 10,'11',12,.and 13 are detail views of the ditferent-parts of thesame.

{A represents the base-plate,.wliich will be o'f-any desired shape, size, or construction that may be preferred, and from which at any a suitable pointrise the two posts .or projections B, to the up r ends of'which are piv- I ends of the division-plates}, and 'the front I ends of the division-plates are secured-to the .curved: pivotal rod D, upon which the key-v levers E are pivoted, These division plates I: are secured'rigidly in position and separated at their rear ends-by. washers J,;whicli are. p

slightly thicker than the type-bars'; 1 These division bars or plates-I servetoseparate the 4 type-bars and-key levers at their rear ends,

and also serve to separate and hold the ke'yleversin position upon the pivotal rod D;

the shape shown and have a downwardly-flextending portion 1' at their front ends, which are made to increase ftrom the upper front corner of the baror' late in thickness down to the top edge of t e key-levers, and from" this they are-alli of a uniform thickness. This increased thickness at the-lower ends of "the extensions 1' is made for thepurposeot septa rating the key-levers and holding them rigidly in position upon their'piv'otal rod D. -v The are 0t one uniform size or thickhesai'therebe; ing sufficient space between them-to allow 9 upper edges ofthese divisionhars or platesI tthe type-bars to freely operate and at the s me terference in operation with each other. .The

beveled or inclined sides of the extensions I.

serve to prevent the type bars .from having :any lateral play or movement when they are. I

at their lowest point, while the upper. edges of the plates allow the type-bars abundance" of room for any amouut'ot. movement that may be necessary.- These division-plates; I. may either be formed-of pieces oi solidmetal .or they may be formed of sheet metal, as

- form an opening or socket L, having curved sides, and each one of the 'type+bars .is proided with a curved arm,le'ver, or projection M, which catches in the socket L of itscorrespending lever E, thus forming an interlocking joint forconnectiug these parts, and" that without the intervention of any other pieceor part of any kind whatsoever. When the frontend of one ofthe key-levers is depressed at itsfrear end, as it moves upward it exerts a pressu'ie upon the arm or projection M of its corresponding 'ypebar, and thus causes the type-bar to turn upon its pivot through nearly a quarter of a circle and imprint one of its characters upon the paper." Asso'on as the key-lever is released a spring which is connected to the feed-lever resses the front end of said feed-lever against theunder side of all of the key-levers and the spacing-bars,-and thus causes the type-bars through their corresponding key-levers to instantly return to the r normal position; As will' be seen, the type-bars are pivoted'npon a curved rod,a'nd when in their normal position they form a segment of a circle. The center bar is made perfectly straight, while those bars upon its sides are slightly curved or bent at their enterijeuds, the curve or bend at the ends increasing in degree the farther the bars recede from the center-and atsuch an angle as to bring the. types upon the bars in a vertical position when at-the printing-point. Pivoted between its ends upon the standards i, which project fromvthe frame A, is the shifting or oaseframe X, which has its inner ends pivotally connected to the inner end of theframe' C, and this'frame X extends around in front or the 'keys,-asshown in Fig. 1. A downward pressure upon the outer end of the frame X raises its inner ends and with it the inner end of the frame 0, in' which the type-bars are pivoted nponthe rod F, I g

Rising from the base-plate A, OQosite the inner corners otthe lifting-frame are posts N, which have the two inward eatensions-at their-upper ends, and through these extensions are passed the set-screws 0, against which the opposite edges off'the lifting-frame strikefor the purposejof' regulatiu with the ntmcst nioety the distance that t slittingframe shall be raised in. changing from one type or character to another, and thus every --in its normal positiomas shown in Fig.2, only the smaller letters are bronght'into operation; but when the iuner-endof this lifting-frame carrying the type-bars and all of their at 'tachments is raised by depressing the front upperthe X is made in two end of the 1ifting-frame then the't'ype-bars will print only the ca ital letters or the'characters which are thus ron ht into alignment. It will be noticed that the y'pebars are given a vertical movement, while the roller or platen carrying the paper to be printed upon remains stationary, thus reversing the usual method employed in the. type-bar machines now in the market of changing from one form of letter to theother.

Pivoted upon th" curved rod D is a spacing bar or lever P, which extends across in front of the keys and at 'eachside, as shown,-

so asto be in position to be struck by any finger and from any point, and thus enable it to be operated more rapidly and easily. than can be'done, where the rod or bar extends along in rear of the keys in the usual man ner or wherethe spacing mechanism is operated from a small ey. In order to hold the spacing-lever'up in position and to return it instantly to position after-being operated, there is attached to each of the inner ends of this lever beyond v.the pivotal bar D a light spring-wire Q, and this wire has enough elasticityto'hold up 'thespaci'ng-lever when the feed-lever has been depressed by one of the key-levers.

Pivoted between the two standards R,which rise. from the rear corners of base-plate A, is an Lshaped feed-levers, which has its front end to extend across the'top of the base-plate underneath the keys and spaeingdevers, as shown in Fig. 2, sothat each time one of these levers is operated the feed-lever 8 is operated thereby. To the upper end of this feed-lever Sis fastened one end of'the spring '1, by means. of which the lever is returned to its normal position assoon as it is left free to move after it has'been operated by (meet the keys or spacing-leyersr Therea'r end of,

this spring T is secured to a nut U, placed upon-a screw V, which "through a projection upon-the to j 0 one ofthe grooved sliding bars upon w ich the carriage moves.

By m'eansot the screw and the nut the. tension .of spring T can be regulated-at will,

and thusgive' to thelrey and the spacing-lever-a harder or a softer touch, as may be desired. Mounted upon the upper end of this feed-lever S is the adj ustable' head W .upon

whichthe two spring-actuated parts of the dog X are pivoted,and this head Wis made ad ustable upon the upper end of the lever,

so that the dog can be -adjusted into position to 0 rate directly with thoracic-bars. This 'h W- is secured to'the lever-S by means of screws, the upper one of which passes through aslot in the head, and this slot permits t e necessary adjustment for, the dog. The dog rts, which are jointed at the center of the sad, so as to] allow each part an independent movement ofits ,own,

andbot-h parts of the dog are'held in. line with each other by ineaus -oi a spring" Y, which is appliedgthereto. Thisspring serv'csto hold the two parts of the dogX pressed baclv WHMMMW movement of one of the levers.

full space at. each stroke.

inner endsof the .baseplate A are the two T-shaped standards or supports R,- upon which are-mounted the two groovedguiding-- bars upon which the carriage .D' moves,

ward against each other where they overlap, and thus form, practically, a rigid orsingle dog; but the spring-allows the two parts of the dog to freely give as the carriage is returned to its starting-point, when the beveled side ofthe end of the dog, which is engaged with the rack, slips freely over. the teeth of the rack so engaged. Rising from the top of the head are the two projections Z, through which pass the horizontal set-screws A',which have their inner ends to bear against pieces of rawhide, rubber, or other suitable substance,

which is placed inthe'holes through which the screws pass, and which substance serves to prevent the dog from making any unnecessary amount of noise. The set-screws serve to adjust the rawhide forward,-and thus regulate the angle or position that the two parts of the dog shall occupy in order to properly engage with their corresponding racks. As the feedlever is caused to vibrate by the movement of the keys and spacing-lever, the ends of the dog are made to play in and out upon theteeth of the opposite racks, and thus allow the carriage to move. forward -one space for each While one end of the dog is' forced backward by the pressure of the carriage, the other end is forced one half-space forward, so as to be ready to engagewith its corresponding rack whenthe feed-lever is moved in that direction, and then this end which was forced forward so. as to'be ready to engage with-its rack is in turn'forced backward after it engages with the rack, and thus thedog is made to' partially turn upon its pivot, and at each partial turn the; other end is brought into an operative -position.- As

I the inner ends of the twoparts of the dog overlap, the two parts are held rigidly together, so

as 'to always bein a line with each other while the carriage is being fed forward; but either of these parts of the dog give freely before the carriage when the carriage is being moved back toward its starting-point.

By means of the construction here shown .and described it will be readily seenthat the dog consists of only two rparts, which are jointed together, a spring for pressing the two parts into line with each other, and the two adjusting set-screws, and that a veryfche'ap feed mechanism-is produced. The great ad-" vantage of this construction consists inhaving the carriage to move one half-space as the type-bar rises, and then move the other halfspace as the type-bar descends, thus causing the carriageto move while the type-bar is in motion instead of having the carriage move only afterthe type-bar has returned to its normal position. Asa consequencaamuch more rapid feed is given to the carriage, and it is impossible to strike any-two of the keys so rapidly that the carriagedoes not move its Rising from the andwhich supports. also have the -ri bbon-- spools placed upon them. The carriage 1)" consists of a plate E, which has its ends turned vertically upward,so as to form bearings or supports for-the diflerent parts, and

which has its central portion cut away, and the two racks F, formed as a part of. the plate. Projecting from opposite outeredges'of this plate are the extensions or tongues G, which catch in the grooved guiding-bars G, and thus guide the carriage back and forth in its movements. Journaled of the plate is. a roller H, which is provided with a lover I. and a spring-actuated dog Jv for revolving the roller and moving the. paper.

The lever may either be given the shape here shown or any other that may be' preferred, and the distance that theroller is niade to turn at each movement of the lever can be regulated by means of a a stop-pin K, which can be placed in either one or twoholes-prepared for it. It placed inthefuppe'rhole, the

lever will anove alonger-distance. and turn between the upturned ends the roller-a greater distance than it will if the pin is placedin the lower hole. Placed in front of the lower front face of the large roller is the small roller L', whichserves to cause the paper to move when the large roller-"ismoved'by the'lever. The whole frame'of the carriage being formed from assinglef-plate,

which-can be stamped up-andhave. the racks at anysuitable angle, leaving just suflicient',

space between their inner ends to allow the types to strike the paper, andthatw'ithout any lateral player movement. These two prongs are given. the V shape shown, so as to guide the type-bars at the sides into position with the same precision and accuracy as it does those located at or near the center of themachine This guiding-frame O'has openings through its front end 'for the passage of .the .ribbon Q and is given averticalmovement' at. this front end for the purpose of; raising, the ribbon as each type-bar rises, and, thus bring it into position to be struck by the type, 'audthen as thetype-bar returns'to its-normal position the ribbon is depressed, so as to leave: a free and unobstructed view of the entire line which is being written. As above stated,

this guiding-frame is pivoted at its rear end,; and its front end has a rising and-falling movement for the purpose of operating the ribbon directly in front of the eye, where the operatorcan see every letter that ismndeand the eon'nectionot each'word with what has preceded or followed it. In order to give the operator as unobstructeda viewas possible,

'there are no parts placed'betweenthe eye of the operator and the'paper, with the exception ofthefront end of this frame, which alw'ays drops below the, line of. writing as soon as a front end underneath the. feed-bar or front ,end of the feed-lever, where .it extends across under the key and spacing levers,.and.which lever-R is connected at itszrear end to, the

vertical lever S, which is forked at itsupper end and connected directly t'o, the guidingframe 0'. Each time that one of the hey-or spacing levers is depressed the front end of the feed-lever and the front end of the lever; B are also depressed, and as the rear end of the lever B. is raised the'guiding-frame'O' is raised before the type-bar can '.rise to strike the paper. The carriage is drawn forward by a cord or strap, which is wound around the wheel S which has a flats ring wound around its axle or journal, and w ich journal is provided with a ratchet or dog, whereby the tension of the'spring can be increased or decreased at will. Thecarriage is returned to the starting-point by means of -its operating-lever. p

The two ribbon-spools T are mounted upontheextended upper front endpf the frame, and each spool is provided 'with a ratchet U and'a'handle V on the lower end of itsshaft or journal. By means of these handles the ribbon canbe rapidly wound from one spool to the other, as may be desired. The reverslog of the movement of the ribbon is caused alternately eng by a sliding bar W, which is provided with suitable guiding-slots and secured to the front edge of the front grooved guiding-bar O'by means of set-screws. This sliding bar W? has suitable arms or 'prongs X projecting from its lower edge, and these prongs'catch upon opposite sides oredges'of the dogs Y; which are pivoted uponthe standards Z',wrhicli rise from and move with the feed-lever,'fwhich is which the carriage is placed. Also -secured to this sliding bar W' are two springs a, which are curved in opposite directions andwhich e'with the ratchets of theri-bbon spools. These springs secured to the bar andtl e dogs Y, moved by the arms projecting from the'lovier edge of the liar, are movedso that while one dog and one spring are engagi g with one ratchet the otherdog and othersprin'g are. moved away from their ratchet, so as n'et to engage therewith -A t each eudwise 'r'novement of the, bar one dog and one spring are b ught into, operation with their corres' in 'ratchets, while the other spring an dog arethrown out of operation. By moving. the

barw'en'tlwise the ribboni's caused to reel upon eithe spool that mayi be desired, and thus its movement' 'is reversed in the usual 'ing each twoor more-characters,

manner. The two dogs Y are pivoted upon the standards Z, so as to havea partial turning movement of their own at the same time that theyare given a reciprocatin g movement each time the feed-baris'moved-for the purpose of turning the, spool upon which the ribbon is being reeled. In order to hold these two dogs in their'proper position, their rear ends are connected by a suitable spring. b, which allows them a suflicie'nt play at their front ends to engage-andgdisengage from the ratchets in suchaimanner'as toicausethe spools to re; volve a suitable distance at each movement of, the feed-lever. As soon as' the dog begins its backward movement "the corresponding spring engages with'the ratchet and prevents any backward movement of the spool. It will be, seen that the endwiseimovement' of' these dogs is produced entirely by the rock- .ing movement of the feed-lever, so as to move the ribbon the moment it has been struck by.

a type, and thus no two types ever strike successively in the same place upon the ribbon.

This construction greatlysimpli fies and cheap one the costof, the machine, andamechan'ism is produced fox-operating the ribbon which is not likely to ever getout of repair while in operation. The sliding bar W has one of its .ends formed into acurved elastic handles, and the outer end of the handle moves back and forth over a projectiond, which serves to retain the bar in whatever positionitmay be,

adjusted. The only object-and use oi -this endwise slidiugbar W are to reverse the move,

ment of the ribbons, and it is so constructed and arranged that the operator has only to apply one fingerto the handle formed upon one end, and thus move :it in either diree tion desired. This construction enables-the movement of the. ribbon tonbe reversed by a single movement ofthe'bar W] by one of the vfingers. v d

In o'rder'to prieventthe free ends of the keylevers'an dthe spacing-bars from having any lateral play or' movement, a curved yerticai toothed. plate is placed belowthe lower edges :of 'theseleveraand' the upper ends-of the' teethextend up betweenthe levers, so as to allow them only a vertical play. By means of this construction the key-levers are prevented froin'beingbent or from getting out of ition at any time. a

s shown in Fig. 9, the type-blocks are so cured to the-eu'dsof their; respective type bars,- having a jhole'o'r opening made through each one of the blocks'to receive the end of the bar, and then the block is fastened into any deeiredpositicn by means a set-screw. This construction enables'theStype-blocks to be adjusted-with the utmost accuracywith very little-trouble.

Having'thus described my invention, I claimr'-' 'carriagqof avertically-shifting frame carry- 'ing key-levers and typebars, the latter hav- 1. In aty'pe-writer, the combination, with a whereby its p when the frame is shifted the type bars and keys are moved therewith, substantially as shown.

2. In a type-writer, the com'binatiomwith a frame and a. carriage supported horizontally thereon in an'elevated position, of a horizontal frame pivoted between its ends below the said carriage and a series of type-bars pivoted in the innenend 0f the said frame, having.eaeh

zo' will move the type-bars vertically and bring either letter in position to print, substantially.

two letters, whereby the tilting of the frame as shown.

-- .3. The eombinationof 'the frame C, pro-. vided with the cross-bars D F G- and the key- I levers pivoted upon the cross-bar D, with the type-bars andthe division-plates, substantially as shown. p

- 4. Thedivision-plates I, provided with the downward extensions I'at their front ends, the extensions being widest -or thickest at their lower ends, substantially as described.

5. The com'binationof the frame C, provided with cross-bars. D F G, the divisionplates secured to the bars D G and separated by washers, and the type-bars, the plates be ing provided with downward extensions upon their front ends and which extensions are made thickest at their lower ends, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination of the pivoted liftingframe carrying the key-levers and the typebars with the standards N, provided with regulating devices for limiting the movement of the rear end of the frame, and a means for lifting the said frame, substantially as described.

7. In a type-writer, the eombinat1on,'with the carriage'snpported in an elevated posi-- tion, of a frame pivoted below the carriage between its ends, the type-bars pivoted in the inner end of the frame and each having two characters; and means for tilting the frame, whereby the tilting of the frame brings either in position for printing, and adjustable stops.

above and below the frame, whichengage 

